The 5 Best North American Portable Sawmills

Healthy People 2020 Goals And Objectives - 873 Words

Healthy People 2020 Goals and Objectives The four primary goals of the Department of Health and Human Services in launching the Healthy People 2020 health program includes (1) attaining high-quality and long-life free from diseases, morbidity, injury and early death. (2) Another is to achieve health equality, reduction of disparities and improve overall health conditions of different age group. (3-4) it is also their goal to promote a social and physical environment for good health, wellness, development and healthy behaviors across the life cycle (CDC, 2015). The CDC identified and set the target population in their â€Å"Healthy People 2020† to control such diseases, some of their objectives are as follows: (1) to increase the general†¦show more content†¦Some of the leading health indicators include the reduction of adult smoking, and reduced exposure of children from second-hand smoking, alcohol, and drugs, and adults increase in physical activity (Department of Health, 2014). Interventions Program 1: one successful health project related to HP 2020 is the Franklin Cardiovascular Health Program (FCHP) in the community of Farmington, Maine. The program is a sustainable method to change the behavior and care for the cardiovascular problem; it is implemented to assess the local community. Their target population is the low-income residents of Franklin County in rural Maine; they collected respondents of about 22,444 during 1970 and used this data as a baseline. The intervention is a community-wide project aim to focus on health problems like cholesterol, high-blood, smoking, physical activity, and diet behavior. There are key components that make the program successful such as the integration of community-based resources, and clinics to support policy formulation, education, and access to people in the community including the willingness of the indigenous people to helped overcome the barriers of workers to communicate to their leaders during interview, screening, education and conducting health services. Most importantly the audit, tracking, and management of identified health problems are collaborated and facilitated carefully thatShow MoreRelatedHealth Promotion And Disease Prevention1239 Words   |  5 PagesIn today’s generation, many people don’t have a healthy way of living. We all have a choice to live with a healthy lifestyle, but many choose to live just for today. While there may not be anything wrong with living that way, the US Department of Health and Human Services (Healthy People 2020, 2010) set out to create a program to promote health across all stages of l ife. That is where Healthy People 2020 comes in. Healthy People 2020 is an approach with a set purpose, a list of multi sector prioritiesRead MoreHealthy People 2020 ( Hp 2020982 Words   |  4 PagesHealthy People 2020 (HP 2020), focuses on disease prevention, addressing current topics affecting the overall health and welling-being of individuals, young or old. The primary goal is preventative health-care, using evidenced based recommendations; promoting health education and resources at national, state, and local levels. Encouraging individuals of all age groups to make informed health-care decisions by adopting healthy life-style changes, with the goal of maintaining current health statusRead MoreHypertension Of Diabetes And Diabetes963 Words   |  4 Pages2014). The objective of the Healthy People 2020 initiative is to reduce morbidity and mortality and improve the quality of life for those at risk and living with chronic diseases. As part of the initiative to prevent the development of diabetes in those who have prediabetes, goals have been set to increase the level of physical activity, increase weight loss, and decrease the consumption of high fat and calorie diets (Healthy People 2020, 2015a). Health People 2020 The Healthy People 2020 initiativeRead MoreHealthy People are a nationwide program set by the United States Department of Health and Human700 Words   |  3 PagesHealthy People are a nationwide program set by the United States Department of Health and Human Services with the objectives to promote health and prevent disease. The Healthy People program was first initiated in 1979, followed by Healthy People 1990, 2000 and 2010 with the same goals and objectives to promote health and prevent diseases. Due to the accomplishments that has been achieved in the previous years under this program, the Healthy People 2020 expanded or rather broadened their goals andRead MoreA Brief Note On Diabetes And Prevalence Of Diabetes Essay910 Words   |  4 Pagesof individuals with pre-diabetes will progress to type 2 diabetes in five years if lifestyle changes are not made (CDC, 2015). Proper lifestyle and behavioral changes such as eating healthier foods, increasing physical activity, and maint aining a healthy weight can reduce a person’s chance of progressing from prediabetes to diabetes (ADA, 2015). Diabetes Prevalence of diabetes. Prevalence of diabetes by gender and age. Prevalence of diabetes by race and ethnicity. Risk factor for diabetes. Read MoreHealthy People 2020975 Words   |  4 PagesJuly 12, 2014 In 2010, Healthy People 2020 was started by the Department of Human Health Services. Health programs and research topics were instituted to help Americans live healthier and longer lives (CDC, 2014). The 42 topics presented are all very important in maintaining the goals set by Healthy People 2020. If these programs were to be cut or budget restraints imposed on them, the impact would be felt by all Americans. There would be more unhealthy people, preventable chronic diseasesRead MoreHealth Of Health And Human Services1443 Words   |  6 Pages Healthy People 2020 Promise Ukachu Standard College of Nursing Nursing 400 Community Health Dr Amara August 31, 2015 Overview: Healthy People The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services isRead MoreHealthy People 20201231 Words   |  5 PagesHealthy People 2020 Healthy People 2020 was launched on December 2, 2010 by the government of the United States with a set of ambitious, yet achievable, 10-year agenda for improving the Nation’s health. Healthy People 2020 is the result of a multiyear process that reflects input from a diverse group of individuals and organizations. It is a science-based, 10-year national objective for improving the health of all Americans. For 3 decades, Healthy People has established benchmarks and monitoredRead MoreA Brief Note On Diabetes And Prevalence Of Diabetes1376 Words   |  6 Pagesof individuals with pre-diabetes will progress to type 2 diabetes in five years if lifestyle changes are not made (CDC, 2015). Proper lifestyle and behavioral changes such as eating healthier foods, increasing physical activity, and maintaining a healthy weight can reduce a person’s chances of progressing from prediabetes to diabetes (ADA, 2015). Diabetes Prevalence of diabetes. Prevalence of diabetes by gender and age. Prevalence of diabetes by race and ethnicity. Risk factor for diabetes.Read MoreThe Four Foundation Health Measures That Serve As An Indicator Of Progress Towards Achieving The Goals Of Hp1743 Words   |  7 Pages1. According to the â€Å"About Healthy People† section, what are the four foundation health measures that will serve as an indicator of progress towards achieving the goals of HP? (4 points) The four foundation health measures that serve as an indicator of progress towards achieving these goals: †¢ General Health Status †¢ Health-Related Quality of Life and well-being †¢ Determinants of health †¢ Disparities 2. Look under the 2020 Topics and Objectives tab and click on Social Determinants of Health. List

Financial Statements At Or Revalued Amount â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Financial Statements At Or Revalued Amount? Answer: Impairment of assets: Non-current assets are depreciated over economic life of the asset and are valued in financial statements at cost or revalued amount. At times carrying amount of noncurrent asset are not equal to recoverable financial accountingamount. According to IAS36- Impairment of assets an asset should not be carried at value greater then recoverable amount (Bond, Govendir and Wells 2016). According to IAS-36 Impairment asset recoverable amount is defined as higher of fair value and value in use. Where fair value is calculated by deducting cost of disposal IAS 36 impairment of asset was revised on 31st march 2004 In this statement we will discuss about recoverable amount, Value in use, Fair value in detail Recoverable amount: According to IAS 36 term recoverable amount means higher of the market value of an asset or the value in use. This concept of recoverable amount is use for determining the impairment of assets (Zhuang 2016). Calculation Financial Statements At Or Revalued Amount Financial Statements At Or Revalued Amount The recoverable amount of an asset is the higher of the two calculations shown below: Recoverable Amount = FV- Cost of Disposal Recoverable Amount equal to Value in Use Where: Fair Value: the amount for selling an asset in the market. Cost of Disposal: additional expenses directly attributed to the sale of asset. Explanation As per accounting standards enterprises are required to mark their balance sheet happenings where carrying amount of an asset is greater than the recoverable amount. IAS 36 concept is similar to the concept of cost or MV whichever is lower business inventories (Bond, Govendir and Wells 2016). Company is required to estimate fixed asset recoverable amount if it belief that asset value has been impaired: , the recoverable amount =l to its value in use if the asset's fair value less the cost of disposal not possible to be calculated. The recoverable amount of companies fixed asset=to its FV less the cost of disposal if company wants to sell its asset. If carrying amount is greater than the FV of an asset less its cost of disposal, or the asset's value in use then it is not necessary to calculate recoverable amount because asset is not impaired (Kabir and Rahman 2016) Definition The term value-in-use is equal to the PV of future cash flows derived from the asset. Companies will determine an asset's value-in-use in order to determine recoverable amount to calculate impairment loss (Laing and Perrin, 2014). Calculation Value-in-Use = Present Value of the Asset's future cash flow by putting it to use Explanation If a company believes asset's scale value will be impaired, it is required to perform an estimate of its recoverable amount. IAS 36 also provides guide lines to calculate value in use. Cash Flow: calculate future cash flows derived from the use of the asset. The accountant-analyst should also consider possible components while calculating expected cash flow Discount Rate: the calculation of value-in-use should consider the time value of money, which is depicted by the company's weighted average cost of capital. This rate is then used as discount rate (Khokan Bepari, Rahman and Taher Mollik 2014) Other: other factors are liquidity, or the ability to sell the asset There should be supportable assumptions for cash flow projections such as recent forecasts, planning budgets. Companies normally forecast budgets for only five years, but in this case company should make long term projections. The discount rate used when determining the present value of the benefits from the asset should be one of the stated below: company's weighted average cost of capital (pre-tax) incremental cost to borrow other markets borrowing rate Note: Value-in use is normally estimated using a conservative approach therefore; the value in use will be lower than its fair market value. Fair value of the asset: Fair market value is the price at which asset would sell in market. Where both the parties seller and buyer both are interested in the transaction and there is no pressure on either of them. There is an easy way to determine the selling price of the asset. One can do that by comparing the prices of identical items sold in the market. Examine product having any special characteristics. Study the history of the asset and consider its age Find at least five or four of the same or nearly similar items. These items must be as similar as possible to the item is to be valued in age, physical condition and history. By taking out the average selling price of the identical items sold. This will be calculated by dividing the aggregate selling price by the number of units sold... To double-check the fair market value of the item Take the sample item to specialist in the valuation of this particular type of item to confirm the fair market value. Cost of disposal The term cost of disposal is means the additional expense that company has to incur which proportionately attributed to the sale of an asset. Cost of disposal is aliability in future that is debited as an expense to the income statement when it is incurred(cost of disposal). IAS 36 Impairment of asset requires companies to calculate the cost of disposal when the company determines the asset's value has been impaired. If the fair market value cannot be determined by the company in this case companies can defer recording this liability until the cost can be determined. Reference Bond, D., Govendir, B. and Wells, P., 2016. An evaluation of asset impairments by Australian firms and whether they were impacted by AASB 136.Accounting Finance,56(1), pp.259-288. Bond, D., Govendir, B. and Wells, P., 2016. An evaluation of asset impairment decisions by Australian firms and whether this was impacted by AASB 136. Kabir, H. and Rahman, A., 2016. The role of corporate governance in accounting discretion under IFRS: Goodwill impairment in Australia.Journal of Contemporary Accounting Economics,12(3), pp.290-308. Khokan Bepari, M., F. Rahman, S. and Taher Mollik, A., 2014. Firms' compliance with the disclosure requirements of IFRS for goodwill impairment testing: Effect of the global financial crisis and other firm characteristics.Journal of Accounting Organizational Change,10(1), pp.116-149. Laing, G.K. and Perrin, R.W., 2014. Deconstructing an accounting paradigm shift: AASB 116 non-current asset management models.International Journal of Critical Accounting,6(5-6), pp.509-519. Zhuang, Z., 2016. Discussion of An evaluation of asset impairments by Australian firms and whether they were impacted by AASB 136.Accounting Finance,56(1), pp.289-294.

Economics Essay Questions Example For Students

Economics Essay Questions Economics: Economics and Healthcare Delivery Systems has a direct affect onsociety; because health, like any other good or service, is desired because itgenerates utility. The Health Production Theory explains the role of the making,or production, of health and its influence by a variety of factors, includingthe amount of medical care consumed. Also, theres a direct relationshipbetween healthcare economics and societies access to health insurance. -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-Category:MiscellaneousPaper Title:EconomicsText:Economics and Healthcare Delivery Systems has a direct affect on society;because health, like any other good or service, is desired because it generatesutility. The Health Production Theory explains the role of the making, orproduction, of health and its influence by a variety of factors, including theamount of medical care consumed. Also, theres a direct relationship betweenhealthcare economics and societies access to health insurance. Rising incomes mean more disposable income for health services, both basicand optional. Because health insurance continues to offer narrow ranges ofbenefits for small monthly fees, many people pay directly for optional healthservices. The first to notice this trend are entrepreneurs, both physicians andbusinessmen who come from the resource side. These entrepreneurs have led in themost noticeable physical and organizational restructuring of health care: thedecentralization of hospital and physician services to single-specialty orsingle-patient-type institutes that offer all services in anintegrated form. Institutes now house women and childrens services, cancer,orthopedics, eye, diabetes, renal and stroke services, asthma and allergies,heart and fitness, along the lines of existing infertility institutes. The taskof tying these disparate institutes together falls to the regional health caresystem where the links are financial and information systems, not geographic orfacility. Physicians, many of whom prove to be not only surplus under managed care butwhose skills have not kept up with advances in medical science. At the sametime, doctors trained in genetics find they cannot afford to practiceindependently, since health plans are reluctant to open the gate to what theyperceive as expensive services that will not prove out for years. Manpowersurplus gives the advantage to health plans, which can pick and choose. IPAsare a low-involvement framework for physicians who only want to contracttogether. Medical groups can not only contract but enhance the practiceexperience, and health plans tend to like them. Health Insurance: As the country enjoys the long boom produced bythe leveraging of knowledge into wealth, there are actually two pathwaysemerging in payment:;#61623; One pathway is mediated by insurance, still related toindividuals through work or through government. Mandates have stair-stepped mostemployers into mandated coverage, leaving out small rural businesses where nomanaged care plan exists, or certain other exceptions. Unfortunately, Congresshas been unable to reduce fully the 17 percent of the population withoutinsurance, since small business growth, immigration and premium increases offsetany gain. Universal coverage mandates await the political maturation of minoritygroups into both elected leadership positions, and voter participation. ;#61623; The second pathway is payment arranged outside of insurance. This is the fastest-growing form at present. Direct consumer payment covers mostself-care, alternative health services, nutraceuticals, cosmeticsurgery, much nonorganic mental health, non-Medicaid long-term care and physicaltherapy past approved limits. For seniors and even families, some healthservices are built into housing costs. Foundations and not-for-profits coverproblems not easily handled by insurance, such as migrant worker care oropen-door clinics for the inner city. Health insurance depresses innovation, asproviders tend to give only the care that is, in fact, covered. Itdoes so by excluding experimental procedures, by underpaying for newservices so providers are reluctant to commit the resources, and by restrictingby underpaying for new services so providers are reluctant to commit theresources, and by restricting patients access on a per-case basis. (Examples:bone marrow transplants for third-stage breast cancer, testing of family membersat risk for cancer, etc.) Prevent ion efforts are artificially limited as theycan be paid for only if delivered to covered individuals in their role aspatients, when prevention at the family or community levels may be called for. .ue63e0eb61ca357dfd66232486975332e , .ue63e0eb61ca357dfd66232486975332e .postImageUrl , .ue63e0eb61ca357dfd66232486975332e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue63e0eb61ca357dfd66232486975332e , .ue63e0eb61ca357dfd66232486975332e:hover , .ue63e0eb61ca357dfd66232486975332e:visited , .ue63e0eb61ca357dfd66232486975332e:active { border:0!important; } .ue63e0eb61ca357dfd66232486975332e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue63e0eb61ca357dfd66232486975332e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue63e0eb61ca357dfd66232486975332e:active , .ue63e0eb61ca357dfd66232486975332e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue63e0eb61ca357dfd66232486975332e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue63e0eb61ca357dfd66232486975332e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue63e0eb61ca357dfd66232486975332e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue63e0eb61ca357dfd66232486975332e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue63e0eb61ca357dfd66232486975332e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue63e0eb61ca357dfd66232486975332e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue63e0eb61ca357dfd66232486975332e .ue63e0eb61ca357dfd66232486975332e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue63e0eb61ca357dfd66232486975332e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Educational Legacy of War Essay#61623; Insurance related to individuals does not work for people wholack the competence to manage it or their health care. Open-access services,instead, should be subsidized. Note the untenable economics of emergency rooms,the safety net for people who are outside the formal system. Insurers,particularly government plans, could stimulate such innovation by offeringbudget subsidies for services that are meant to reach the uninsurable. -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-

Extempore SpeakingExtempore Is A Stage Performance free essay sample

Extempore speaking Extempore Is a stage performance which Is carried out without preparation of any kind. This term is mostly used while referring to speech and poetry discussions. The other commonly used names for extempore speeches are impromptu speaking, improvised speaking and extemporaneous speaking. Speaking without any preparation of any kind In front of a huge audience can give creeps to anyone. There are many times when we are expected to speak out of our knowledge and without prior preparations.Here are some tips to help you given an extempore speech without any hurdles. 1. Focus on one point talking in general is an easy task, but becomes tough when you have to talk about a particular topic. Any topic on which you need to talk about would have certain mall areas. Understand that you will not be able to cover all the points in a speech, therefore concentrate on a single point and take It forward. We will write a custom essay sample on Extempore SpeakingExtempore Is A Stage Performance or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 2.Limit your speech to your knowledge many people tend to talk a little more without having any prior Information. Talking for the sake of talking does not yield any results. It is always important that you talk as far as you know correctly about the topic and nothing more. 3. Do not memorize memorizing information only leads to it being stiff and less conversational. Memorizing will also result you in forgetting a point and getting stuck in a particular place, which can be avoided by impromptu speaking. . Focus on opening and closing statements the opening and closing statements decide on how the audience welcomes your speech. Making an impact which can keep them glued to your speech with your opening statement and remembering your speech by the closing statement is important. Impromptu speech Is better developed by constant practice. Confidence Is the key to help you develop this method of communication to a large audience.

Revamp Your Resume Administrative Assistant

Revamp Your Resume Administrative Assistant Resume formats are as varied and individual as the people behind them. Your top priority  is to always make sure that your resume shows the best of you: your experience, your goals, your skills, your education, and anything else exceptional or essential you bring to the table.Check out this template from the folks at Best-job-interview.com and see how you can add your individual stamp to your CV for administrative assistant positions.YOUR FULL NAME  Your mailing addressYour phone numbersYour email addressObjective(Optional; may not be necessary if youre responding to a job posting.)Example 1: Seeking a position as an administrative assistant in a busy environment.Example 2: Administrative assistant position in a professional company.Example 3: To secure the position of administrative assistant in an established company.Profile Statement(This is particularly useful if they havent requested a cover letter or theres no place to upload one.)Example 1: A number of years experience as an administrative assistant in a fast paced, professional environment.  Proven computer skills with good working knowledge of different computer applications.  An independent worker who is able to multi-task and meet deadlines efficiently and accurately.  Strong problem-solving skills and initiative evident in the implementation of efficient data management systems.Example 2: A proven record of efficiency in establishing, organizing, and managing office procedures. Proficient in a wide range of computer applications. Solid bookkeeping skills, excellent scheduling skills, and a strong background in customer relations. Recognized for the ability to manage multiple tasks and projects and successfully meet deadlines. A self-directed worker who enjoys a fast-paced work environment.Example 3: Outstanding office skills and knowledge of office management procedures. Provided administrative and secretarial support to a large department, managed a number of simultaneous projects, and me t deadlines consistently and accurately. An independent worker recognized for a proactive approach to problem solving. Proven experience in a demanding work environment dealing successfully with competing needs and different challenges.Work ExperienceAdministrative Assistant,  Premier Pharmaceuticals, Houston, TX;  January 2012 presentProvide full secretarial and administrative support to the 10-person sales departmentManage customer requests for information prepare departmental correspondence, documents, reports, presentationsSchedule and coordinate meetings and appointmentsDraw up and distribute minutes of meetingsPlan and arrange travel itineraries organize functions and eventsTrack expense claims and prepare expense reportsSet up and maintain customer data management systemsAdministrative Co-ordinator,  Buckleys Property Management Company, Houston, TX;  August 2008 November 2012Provided full range of secretarial and administrative support to the Managing Director plus 5 employeesScheduled meetings, appointments and property viewingsCoordinated company events and functionsHandled incoming calls and correspondencePrepared correspondence, documents, newslettersLiaised directly with maintenance contractors, clients, tenantsProcessed invoices and prepared paymentsEducationDallas Baptist University, Dallas, TX,  Bachelor of Arts 2008Technical SkillsMS Word, Excel, Outlook, Powerpoint, AccessTyping skills (include WPM rate if known)Excellent spelling and grammar skillsCore CompetenciesOrganizational and planning skillsCommunication skillsInformation gathering and management decision-makingProblem-solvingFlexibilityReliabilityTeamworkNotice this template is heavy on bulleted lists. For visual variety, one option Id recommend is choosing a paragraph format for either the position descriptions or the core competencies section.

Female Objectification in Contemporary Films from Different Origins Research Paper

Female Objectification in Contemporary Films from Different Origins - Research Paper Example This is due to the fact that individuals are physical beings and thus present themselves to others as objects via their behavior and dressing (Caterina 709). Objectification is an issue because of its frequency among women especially as portrayed by the media. Contemporary examples of women objectification as sexual beings are reflected through various films. This research paper uses the feminist theory of gender equality to give critical discussion of women objectification as portrayed in three contemporary films. The research is based on different film productions to achieve sufficient analysis and discussion of female objectification within contemporary films that emanate from different social cultural origins. The research is specifically an investigation into the roles and objectification that is revealed by female characters within the films. The way female characters in the films are labeled is used to discuss the influence it has on the manner men treat women in relationships . A qualitative research methodology is employed in the research. The presentation of research findings will specifically apply psychoanalysis, semiotics, ideological analysis and historical and rhetorical models. The movie Pretty Woman was directed by Garry Marshall and became one of the most successful romantic comedies in the history of cinematic production (Hulse 23). The movie depicts implausible romantic relationship between Edward and Vivian. The disparity between the two is presented by the fact that while Edward is a multimillionaire in the wheeler-dealing business, Vivian is a Hollywood prostitute (Hulse 23). The film How Much Do You Love Me on the other hand is a French production which also has same thematic as Pretty Woman. In the film How Much Do You Love Me, the themes of love, money and desire are presented through a relationship between Francois and Daniela (Clark 15). Daniela is an Italian prostitute while Francois is portrayed as a regular who earns just enough fo r expenses and rent. The Movie Moulin Rouge is British production directed by Baz Luhrmann. On the other hand, the movie Moulin Rouge is about Christian, a British poet who meets a seductive courtesan called Satine in a night club and falls in love with her (Business Wire 1). The three films have a commonality in themes and the fact that female objectification is apparent as they unfold. The feminist theory as postulated by feminist scholars argues that female objectification emanates from the disregard of intellectual abilities of women. This leads to labeling women as instruments of physical pleasure through sexual encounters with men (Felicia 178). The movie Pretty Woman rankle feminists. This is due to the fact that Vivian objectifies herself by presenting herself as a commodity (Turner B1). Feminists are most likely disappointed by the manner in which Vivian dehumanizes herself. Vivian is also portrayed as yearning for a knight who would rescue her. The objectification that is represented by the manner Vivian is dressed, behaves and talks is a requirement for her line of work is not definitely acceptable by the proponents of feminism. It is evident that women are labeled as sexual objects within the movie Pretty Woman especially in its early scenes. Pre-feminists are represented by a historical view of the role of women within the society. Pre-feminists stand against labeling a woman as a mother who stayed at home and acted as submissive wife (Fredrickson and Tomi-Ann 173). Watching the

Paranoid Personality Disorder Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Paranoid Personality Disorder - Research Paper Example This paper reviews eccentric personality disorders as well as PPD. It reflects upon the therapy used in treating PPD and a measurement device that is employed to diagnose it. The last part of the paper summarizes a research conducted on personality disorders. Personality disorders are still not understood in detail; ironically they are some of the most common mental illnesses that individuals are diagnosed with. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM IV) group personality disorders into three main groups: eccentric, dramatic and anxious. Cluster A encompasses eccentric personality disorders and include paranoid, schizoid and schizotypal. These three personality disorders have some common features amongst them. These symptoms are also often seen in schizophrenia. People with these disorders appear to be cold and eccentric. They start showing symptoms of eccentric personality disorders from early adulthood and when exposed to different situations such as work, home etc. People with schizoid personality disorders show little interest in social relationships and do not have a lot of expression. Moreover, they tend to be cold and indifferent to others. Schizotypal personality disorders are characterized by symptoms of not having close relationships, and supporting peculiar beliefs and flat emotions. PPD are discussed in detail in the following paragraphs. PPD are characteristic of individuals who are highly unsuspicious of other people. They tend to consider the actions of other people as threatening. The causes of PPD are not yet known; however it is believed that the PPD occur as a result of combination of psychological and biological elements. Studies have shown that PPD is more common in individuals who are genetically related to schizophrenic people. This genetic connection between schizophrenia and PPD is suggestive of some common cause. It has also been seen that physical and emotional traumatic

Dimensions in Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Dimensions in Art - Essay Example Initially, this was considered inelegant and greatly criticized. However, by the time he painted The Stonebreakers, opinions on the realist style were changing. In painting The Stonebreakers, Courbet sought to depict the harsh lives that peasants went through as evidenced by the painting’s revealing illustration of trying conditions faced by the miners (Riat 101). The painting includes a peasant man and a peasant boy using mallets to break up boulders, while dressed in torn clothes. One is immediately drawn to the sharpness and depth of the canvas and the rigid details of the painting, which has no drama or romanticism. This trait is uniquely realist. One also notices the monotony of color used, reflecting the painting’s languid tone as the man and boy break up the boulders. This is especially important for Courbet as it allows him to draw attention to the peasants’ efforts. In addition, Courbet also seems to be drawing attention to the ages of the boy and man si nce the man seems to old and the boy too young to be breaking boulders (Riat 101). The painting also reveals the industrial era and the poverty that existed alongside it. Unfortunately, peasants were the most disadvantaged people during the industrial revolutions, especially in the mines and factories (Riat 102). Most of the peasants, with increased mechanization of farm work, were forced into the mines, while young boys were exploited for their labor as they could be underpaid. The Stonebreakers is reflective of the unease that Courbet felt for the abuse of the vulnerable by an increasingly capitalist society, as well as the agony and anguish they suffered in the mines with the hard work. This was a main theme in the realist era and Courbet uses mellow colors and unexaggerated style to draw attention towards the peasants’ plight (Riat 102). This work, alongside other works by Courbet, was an inspiration for future modernists and impressionists with its focus on contemporary society and events. This was suggestive of the improved innovation in art that finally led to the surrealist era. The Bullfight’s artist Joan Miro was born in Barcelona in 1893 and was a ceramist, a sculptor, and painter. As a painter, he evolved greatly throughout the early to mid-20th century with his work earning wide international acclaim throughout the same period (Brodskaia 56). While The Bullfight can be interpreted as surrealist art, Miro himself refused to ascribe his work to this art style and simply referred to his paintings during this era as semi-abstract. While surrealism stood out during this period, The Bullfight was more had a greater degree of abstraction as compared to other major surrealist artists at the time like Pablo Picasso. In The Bullfight, Miro seeks to represent his Catalan heritage of bull fighting in an abstract way, most likely due to the persecution he suffered under Dictator and anti-Catalan leader General Franco (Brodskaia 56). Miro had alwa ys been critical of contemporary painting styles, claiming that it was in support of the bourgeois, and The Bullfight was one of his ways to â€Å"assassinate painting† through an upset of established elements of painting (Brodskaia 150). The painting shows a raging bull being outmaneuvered by a skillful el-matador, although one has to look closely to actually make out the el-matador’s figure. Miro also exaggerates some of the bull’

Theories of International Microeconomics

Theories of International Microeconomics 1. Introduction Economic theory can be considered as a system of ideas that contains a set of models designed to explain economic outcomes and make predictions for future events. The choice of the model will depend principally on the explanatory value and the certainty of the model in explaining current situations and predicting future outcomes. International trade is the difference between production and consumption. The theory of international trade has heavily been influenced by the works of classical economists. According to David Ricardo, trade occurs between countries because of differences in technology. For Eli Heckscher and Bertil Ohlin, trade arises mainly due to differences in factor endowments and factor intensities of respective countries. 2. Ricardian Model The Ricardian Model was developed in 1817 by David Ricardo (1817) with two goods, two countries and a single input as components of the model. This model assumes differences in technology between countries as basis of trade. Ricardo stated that both countries could benefit from trade on the condition that labor input of countries should be different, irrespective of the fact that one country might has an absolute advantage in the production of both goods. Being a one factor model, the Ricardian Model is not the appropriate model to study the effects of technology on trade patterns because of its simplicity. 3. The Heckscher Ohlin Model The Heckscher Ohlin (HO) theory holds two assumptions; countries have different factor endowments and factor intensities as sources of differences in opportunity costs of production. Trade is restricted between 2 countries, 2 factors of production and 2 goods traded. This model generates 4 predictions: (a) The Heckscher – Ohlin theorem, whereby the capital abundant country will export the capital intensive good, (b) The Factor Price Equalization Theorem, with production of different goods, international trade will equalize factor prices, (c) The Stopler-Samuelson Theorem, with production of different goods, an increase in the price of a labor intensive good will reduce the real and relative return to capital and will increase the real and relative return of the labor intensive good, (d) The Rybczynski Theorem, with production of different goods, a rise in the endowment of labor, will lead to a more than proportionate increase in the output of the labor intensive good and a fa ll in the capital intensive good. 3. 1 The Heckscher – Ohlin Theorem The Heckscher – Ohlin theorem implies that a country will export those goods that are produced through intensive use of factors of production found locally in an abundant amount. In a 2 2 2 model, countries produce the same pair of commodities, engage in free trade in a competitive environment with countries benefitting from constant returns to scale in accordance with technology. The supply of factors of production is perfectly inelastic in both countries. These conditions are present when there is relative factor abundance. A second situation can arise where autarkic factor prices are present in both countries. Demand and supply conditions dictate autarkic factor prices. Despite a country being relatively abundant in labor, it may nonetheless impose autarkic wage rate if domestic preferences pattern strongly favors the labor intensive produced good relative to the foreign produced good. The trade pattern will reflect the factor price comparison between countries. 3.2 The Factor Price Equalization Theorem This theorem assumes a situation where there are 2 countries in free trade; they have different factor endowments but have the same level of technologies. If both countries are diversified and Factor Intensity Reversal (FIR) does not occur, factor price equalization will happen in these countries. For Heckscher, identical production techniques were prerequisite for the equalization of factor prices. Different factor prices can be a sufficient cause for international trade to happen. However, Heckscher did not account for the number of factors and international markets. The initial model was a 3 2 classical model with 3 factors such as land, labor and capital, and two goods: textile and machinery. 3.3 The Stopler-Samuelson Theorem The Stopler-Samuelson Theorem was developed as a 2 2 model, with two traded goods and two non – traded factors. It sets forth that an increase in the relative price of a good will lead to an increase of real return of that factor used intensively in producing that good and will reduce real return to the second factor. Four possible interpretations arise from this theorem: (a) winners and losers corollary; If a relative price change occurs, there will be a minimum of one loser ans one winner (b) Factor – industry detachment corollary; external price changes will have an impact on the return to a factor irrespective of which industry the factor is employed (c) scarce factor corollary 1; trade barriers will help a scarce factor; an abundant factor is hurt (d) scarce factor corollary 2; depending on the scarcity of the factors, trade barriers will help. 3.4 The Rybczynski Theorem The two – factor two good Rybczynski Theorem posits that if there is an increase in factor endowment of an industry that uses that factor fully, an increase in output is likely to occur compared to a decrease in output in the other industry. There are 4 levels of interpretation that can be observed from the Rybczynski Theorem: (a) a minimum of one Rybczynski derivative will be negative, (b) a homothetic relationship exists between output and factor supplies, (c) the relationship will be a linear one, (d) the total amount of current factor supplies is important. 4. International Trade: The Evidence International microeconomics seems little affected by empirical evidence. Despite trade flows being measured with the greatest accuracy, the data obtained has not been really reliable and to certain extent inaccessible. Empirical studies based on this data can hardly be reviewed or taken seriously as a proper revaluation of the theories proposed by classical economists. Attempts to bridge the gap between the trade patterns and the theoretical assumptions made by the various classical and neo classical models have been made and several problems arose. The first problem that rises is that international trade is arbitrage. This is principally due to price discrepancies governing the international markets. Autarkic prices differences have not been observed and these discrepancies are hypothetical in nature. There is no solid evidence as international trade gets rid of these discrepancies. Another difficulty linked to this is causality. Whatever the consequence, the human mind has always hoped that a single cause must be behind its initial inception. The Ricardian Model and the Heckscher Ohlin model are unicausal. Everything has a single root. For arbitrage in international trade, autarkic prices discrepancies cannot be the only explanation as to why there is arbitrage in the first place. Changes in factor endowments, tastes and preferences or difference s in technologies can form part of the supplementary explanations. In the last 4 decades, there have been 3 types of empirical studies on international trade. These are tests of the Ricardian and HO models, studies trying to find a link between bilateral trade, national incomes and geographical distances between trading countries, and finally, a number of informal accounts yet to be tested and accounted for. MacDougall (1951, 1952) carried out a study using 1939’s data for a UK-US comparison to find whether exports of good of different countries were correlated in pairs with third markets as the Ricardian model presumed. Results were positively and significant. Later empirical studies provided additional support to these results (MacDougall et al., 1962, Stern, 1962; Balassa, 1963) The assumption that consumers have homothetic preferences has been empirically refuted. Following studies carried out by Prebisch (1950) and Singer (1950), results have showed that the terms of trade for poor countries has been deteriorating continuously. As world economy experiences economic growth, the relative demand shifts from the South to the industrialized North, a region that specializes in goods with higher income elasticity. The South benefits little from improvement in production in exports sectors, principally because the extra purchasing power generated by lower southern commodities will be spent on purchase of northern commodities. Studies carried out by scholars affected significantly the reliability of the HO theorem. Patterns of trade were examined between US, West Germany, Japan and Canada with the rest of the world. Results obtained were not in consensus with the HO theorem whereas results of East Germany and India showed support (Bharadwaj, 1962; Leontief, 1953, 1956; Roskamp, 1961; Stolper and Roskamp, 1961; Tatemoto and Ichimura, 1959; and Wahl, 1961). Another study carried out by Clifton, Jr and Marxsen (1984) obtained relatively the same results. They used a multi-commodity, two-country, and two factor model to test for trade based on profit and wages instead of using capital and labor as factors of production. Results obtained show trade patterns for the year 1968 of Australia, Ireland, Japan, Korea, New Zealand, and the United States support the theorem while results of UK, Kenya and Israel do not. In his study to discover the sources of the success of the American industry for the years 1879, 1899, 1909, 1914, 1928, and 1940, Wright (1990) concluded that the capital to labor ratio was an important source of comparative advantage in the early years but it soon became a comparative disadvantage by 1940. Natural resources did not contribute to exports success in the 19th century but in the 20th century it impacted exports significantly. The reasons provided by the HO theorem that difference in capital and labor endowments are the primary reasons for trade is wrong and thus a need for further study in this area. The most important study of trade patterns through use of HO models was carried out by Leontief (1953). The results showed that in 1947, U.S imports were more capital intensive compared to labor than the ratio in U.S exports. This paradox exists if U.S is well endowed in capital. This paradox can be solved through 2 ways: (a) by creating demand or factor intensity reversals (FIRs), (b) the introduction of international technological differences. By introducing these solutions, the American labor intensive industries benefited from significant advantage in terms of costs arising due to factor endowments. Linnemann (1966) using data from more than 40 countries carried out a study to find a link between bilateral trade, national incomes and geographical distances between trading countries. He wanted to find answers relating to the bilateral trade volumes and trade size with different trading partners. Results illustrated that the volume of trade depends much on the geographical proximity of trading partners inclusive of transport costs. The importing country’s national income and the exporting country’s national income also had an impact on the size of tradable commodities. Minhas (1963) carried out a study to question the applicability of the FPE theorem due to the presence of Factor Intensity Reversals (FIRs). Minhas came to the conclusion that when elasticity of substitution differs between countries, FIRs are likely to occur. Through trade, equality of commodity prices will not guarantee a price equalization of factor prices in respective countries. Conclusion Trade occurs simply because of the price discrepancies that exist in the markets. Technological differences and factor endowments are the main reasons for these discrepancies. The numerous and complex literature on the Ricardian Model and Heckscher Ohlin Model have outlines various faults of these models but they nonetheless remain healthy. However, additional modifications need to be done. The models need to account for technological differences, multiple cones of diversification and home bias. References: Ronald Winthrop Jones. A, 1979, ‘International Trade: Essays in Theory’, Oxford North Holland Publishing Co, Amsterdam, New York Ronald Winthrop Jones. A and Kenen Peter B. (Eds.), 1984, Handbook of International Economics 3, North Holland Balassa, B. 1963, ‘An Empirical Demonstration of Classical Comparative Cost Theory’, The Review of Economics and Statistics, Aug, Vol. 45, No. 3, pp. 231-238 Mac Dougall, G. D. A, 1951, ‘British and American Exports: A Study Suggested by the Theory of Comparative Costs. Part I’, The Economic Journal, Dec, Vol. 61, No. 244, pp. 697-724 Mac Dougall, G. D. A, 1952, ‘British and American Exports: A Study Suggested by the Theory of Comparative Costs. Part II’, The Economic Journal, Aug, Vol. 62, No. 247, pp. 487-521 Feenstra Robert, C. 2002, ‘Advanced International Trade: Theory and Evidence’, University of California, Davis, and National Bureau of Economic Research, Aug. Prebisch, R. 1950, ‘The Economic Development of Latin America and Its Principal Problems’, New York: United Nations, Econ. Comm. Latin America Clifton, D. S, Jr and William B. Marxsen, 1984, ‘An Empirical Investigation of the Heckscher-Ohlin Theorem’, The Canadian Journal of Economics / Revue canadienne dEconomique, Feb, Vol. 17, No. 1,pp. 32-38 Matsuyama, K., 2000, ‘A Ricardian Model with a Continuum of Goods under Nonhomothetic Preferences: Demand Complementarities, Income Distribution, and Northà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ South Trade’, Journal of Political Economy, Dec, Vol. 108, No. 6, pp. 1093-1120 Redding Stephen J., 2006, ‘Empirical Approaches to International Trade’, Oct, London School of Economics and CEPR

Who Owns the U.S. National Debt? Essay -- Obamas National Debt

"Blessed are the young for they shall inherit the national debt." -- Herbert Hoover A recent topic for political debate, and one that is usually included in most political rhetoric, is the national debt, and the debt ceiling crisis. I believe that there are many misconceptions about this issue, and that politicians use and promote these misconceptions for the purpose of making political arguments. The example of this that sticks out for me is a commercial I saw on television that seems to depict a future where the US has presumably been taken over by China. That commercial seemed a little extreme, so for this paper, I seek to correct these sorts of misconceptions, or to at least show that some arguments about the national debt are a little wrong. Probably the most important misconception about the national debt is the misconception that China owns most of the national debt, and that such a situation makes the United States government a puppet to China. The latter misconception doesn't take much research to see as an exaggeration of the truth. Unlike personal debt, national debt isn't enforced by some higher power. Money owed to China is a deal between the borrower and China, and there aren't any higher powers to force the collection of debts. If China wanted to collect on that debt, the worst they could do is to go to war, and that's rather unrealistic. The main problem with this idea that China owns our government, is the fact that China's share of the national debt isn't as big as people seem to think. For this paper, I took a survey from 12 people. I asked them each, "How much of the national debt do you think is owned by China?" Of those people, 3 thought China owned more than 60 percent of the national debt, 4 though... ... to do. To conclude, the national debt is indeed an important issue that needs to be discussed, but it is important also to not take what you hear about it in political arguments as fact. Knowing the truth about issues like this can help you better understand what politicians are really saying, and will help you avoid being manipulated by fear tactics like that commercial about a Chinese-dominated future. Works Cited Historical Data on the Federal Debt. Rep. N.p.: Congressional Budget Office, n.d. Web. 28 Mar. 2013. . Surowiecki, James. "Smash the Ceiling." The New Yorker. N.p., 1 Aug. 2011. Web. 28 Mar. 2013. "Who Really Owns the U.S. National Debt?" Townhall Finance. N.p., 21 Jan. 2013. Web. 28 Mar. 2013. Herbert Hoover Quote http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/keywords/national_debt.html#SP3YaWVBGy0KE3ET.99

Martin Luther King Jr. Ethos, Pathos, and Logos Essay

On August 28, 1963 Martin Luther King delivered his speech to all of America. Martin Luther’s opening line to his speech was, â€Å"I am happy to join with you today in what will go down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation.† In Martin Luther King Jr.’s speech â€Å"I Have a dream†, he uses all three of these forms of rhetoric in order to persuade to his audience that racism and segregation is not the plan for the future of America. As he delivered his speech, Martin Luther King states, â€Å"Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand today, signed the emancipation proclamation.† His use of Lincoln brought authority into his speech. Martin Luther King is bringing attention to the authority of Lincoln and his view on civil rights. This is providing a strong ethos appeal and establishing credibility with his audience. He also uses the Declaration of Independence to bring authority into his speech. He quotes, â€Å"unalienable Rights† of â€Å"Life, Liberty and the pursuit of happiness†. His use of this quote is to use a supreme authority as being on his side. He is saying that the American government has ignored their duty to all of the American people. He is setting up his own credibility by referring to authority of a great American and our constitution. Martin Luther King’s use of pathos is astonishing as he appeals emotionally to both races of people. His use of the bible verse ‘â€Å"And the glory of the Lord shall be revealed and all flesh shall see it together,† emotionally draws his audience. He is using the bible as common interest among his crowd and to build a connection between the different races. He appeals to freedom throughout his speech to keep his audience engaged in his fight for freedom. He states, â€Å"And so even though we face the difficulties of today and tomorrow, I still have a dream. It is a dream deeply rooted in the American dream.† He uses the American dream to appeal to all Americans. He is saying that his dream is part of the American dream that we all deserve to have the freedom to dream. He also uses the appeal that he is a father and that he wants more for his children. â€Å"I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but the content of their character.† This is allowing the listener to relate to him as a father and the aspirations we hold for our children. It provides a human appeal and demonstrates pathos. Martin Luther King also uses logos in his analogies. He states, â€Å"America has given the Negro people a bad check, a check which has come back marked ‘insufficient funds.’† His analogy is using logic as a form of reasoning. He reasons is that everyone understands money and that the listener is able to relate to being handed a bad check. Martin Luther King’s skillful and articulate use of rhetoric in his â€Å"I Have a Dream† speech was a major turning point in American history and represented a firm stand for equal rights. He spoke out to confront the issues of racism in our nation. This speech was a remarkable moment in the fight for equal rights of everyone. â€Å"When all of God’s children, black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will be able to join hands and sing,† â€Å"Free at last! Free at last!†

Free Essays on The Heart

LOST CHILDREN â€Å"As long as any adult thinks that he, like the parents and teachers of old, can become introspective, invoking his own youth to understand the youth before him, he is lost.† Children these days, particularly adolescents, tend to feel misunderstood by their parents, and parents in return feel that their teenage sons or daughters are virtually deaf. As the bond between the parent and child begins to deteriorate, children begin to take refuge in their friends, and their dependence upon friends rather than parents eventually takes toll upon their lives. As teenagers further away from their parents, they begin to separate into a path where returning becomes harder by the day. The parent and child are depicted in a â€Å"Calvin and Hobbes† cartoon article where Calvin deciphers his mother’s nagging as ‘Blah blah blah†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and remembers to nod between his mothers pauses. In any family, parents naturally admonish their children. Although the exact degree of nagging and tolerance does very among households, parents relatively correct their children in one way or the other. However, most children do not take such admonishments well, particularly adolescents who usually feel that they have matured beyond their own parents. Adolescents stereotype their parents as â€Å"old generation† and always misunderstanding them. Girls feel as if their parents are over-protective, while teenage boys feel that their parents are nosy about their businesses. Parents usually set a curfew for their teenage daughters and remind her to call home if she is running late. Although her parents worry for her, girls feel that their parents are being over-protective and controlling. Young teenage girls feel restricted by her father’s curfews and embarrassed by the way her parents call her cell phone every time she remains late for parties. Likewise, teenage boys are bothered by their parents constant questioning over the dinning table,... Free Essays on The Heart Free Essays on The Heart LOST CHILDREN â€Å"As long as any adult thinks that he, like the parents and teachers of old, can become introspective, invoking his own youth to understand the youth before him, he is lost.† Children these days, particularly adolescents, tend to feel misunderstood by their parents, and parents in return feel that their teenage sons or daughters are virtually deaf. As the bond between the parent and child begins to deteriorate, children begin to take refuge in their friends, and their dependence upon friends rather than parents eventually takes toll upon their lives. As teenagers further away from their parents, they begin to separate into a path where returning becomes harder by the day. The parent and child are depicted in a â€Å"Calvin and Hobbes† cartoon article where Calvin deciphers his mother’s nagging as ‘Blah blah blah†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and remembers to nod between his mothers pauses. In any family, parents naturally admonish their children. Although the exact degree of nagging and tolerance does very among households, parents relatively correct their children in one way or the other. However, most children do not take such admonishments well, particularly adolescents who usually feel that they have matured beyond their own parents. Adolescents stereotype their parents as â€Å"old generation† and always misunderstanding them. Girls feel as if their parents are over-protective, while teenage boys feel that their parents are nosy about their businesses. Parents usually set a curfew for their teenage daughters and remind her to call home if she is running late. Although her parents worry for her, girls feel that their parents are being over-protective and controlling. Young teenage girls feel restricted by her father’s curfews and embarrassed by the way her parents call her cell phone every time she remains late for parties. Likewise, teenage boys are bothered by their parents constant questioning over the dinning table,...

Free Essays on Neanderthals Portrayed In The Media

There are many movies in popular media that misrepresent Neanderthals. In the movie â€Å"Quest For Fire,† there are several aspects of Neanderthals that are accurately and inaccurately portrayed. These aspects include physical dimensions of the body, tool use, the capability of language, and, of course, the use of fire. Regarding the physical makeup of Neanderthals, there are some correct representations that Jean-Jacques Annaud tried to replicate (Scheib, 1990). But certain aspects of the Neanderthals physicality could not be fully realized, due to bone structures. In the movie, the Neanderthals have markedly developed brow ridges that accurately depict the shape of true Neanderthals (NOVA, 2002). However, there are certain physiological aspects that could not be properly represented. From discovered fossils, it has been shown that Neanderthals have longer, more slender pubic bones, specifically the crest of the pubis, than that of the modern human (Spilman, 2003). Since the actors naturally have the physical make up of today’s humans, the difference could not be accurately portrayed. Other aspects of the physicality of the Neanderthals that could not be represented precisely are the adaptations that made Neanderthals well fitted for terrestrial life. They had massive bones, and strong attachments to the joints. The hip joint was surrounded by powerful muscles and strong supportive ligaments that aided in mobility. The muscles of the thigh had different points of insertion on the femur than that of modern humans (Spilman, 2003). Unfortunately, these Neanderthal-specific features could not be depicted, because of the difficulty surrounding that kind of physical manipulation. There are still more physical aspects that are misrepresented in â€Å"Quest For Fire.† These include cranial features that could not be transformed. In Neanderthals, the skull was fairly large and the walls of the cranium were thick. In a few of the ch... Free Essays on Neanderthals Portrayed In The Media Free Essays on Neanderthals Portrayed In The Media There are many movies in popular media that misrepresent Neanderthals. In the movie â€Å"Quest For Fire,† there are several aspects of Neanderthals that are accurately and inaccurately portrayed. These aspects include physical dimensions of the body, tool use, the capability of language, and, of course, the use of fire. Regarding the physical makeup of Neanderthals, there are some correct representations that Jean-Jacques Annaud tried to replicate (Scheib, 1990). But certain aspects of the Neanderthals physicality could not be fully realized, due to bone structures. In the movie, the Neanderthals have markedly developed brow ridges that accurately depict the shape of true Neanderthals (NOVA, 2002). However, there are certain physiological aspects that could not be properly represented. From discovered fossils, it has been shown that Neanderthals have longer, more slender pubic bones, specifically the crest of the pubis, than that of the modern human (Spilman, 2003). Since the actors naturally have the physical make up of today’s humans, the difference could not be accurately portrayed. Other aspects of the physicality of the Neanderthals that could not be represented precisely are the adaptations that made Neanderthals well fitted for terrestrial life. They had massive bones, and strong attachments to the joints. The hip joint was surrounded by powerful muscles and strong supportive ligaments that aided in mobility. The muscles of the thigh had different points of insertion on the femur than that of modern humans (Spilman, 2003). Unfortunately, these Neanderthal-specific features could not be depicted, because of the difficulty surrounding that kind of physical manipulation. There are still more physical aspects that are misrepresented in â€Å"Quest For Fire.† These include cranial features that could not be transformed. In Neanderthals, the skull was fairly large and the walls of the cranium were thick. In a few of the ch...

Chicano movie Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Chicano movie - Essay Example Several reasons abound why El Norte and The Official Story movies were made especially in the reflection of women’s lives from different perspectives. For instance, in both movies, the directors were attempting to expose the plight of women in the face of adverse atrocities caused by civil war when there is little intervention (Elena & Marina 112). El Norte reflects the lives of two native youths forced to escape Guatemala at the start of the 1980s because of political violence and ethnic bloodletting that eventually resulted to Guatemala Civil War. The decision to escape depicts a serious desperation that characterizes the fate of the two lead characters that are both young and confused in life. On the other hand, The Official Story is premised on the Dirty War in Argentina that resulted to the forced disappearance of leftist rebels who opposed the government. In that aspect, the upper middle class family that has adopted an illegal child comes out as aloof from the unlawful stealing of children from jail after the arrests of their parents. The hypocrisy is evident in Alicia, the wife of a businessman called Roberto who is not aware of the ongoing suffering and pillage in her country until her colleague and another student remind her of the ongoing war. It means the films were also made to expose how women impact the unity of families during serious conflicts such as wars. Telling the above stories is important because they recreate a new narrative that enables viewers to interpret the two civil wars in different ways. It also raises the awareness of empathizing with women and families that suffered such as Rosa and Enrique in El Norte who struggle to find a home after running away from Guatemala. Narrating the stories equally reveal the relationship between the disintegration of families and how it affects social structures as noted with Alicia the school teacher together with her businessman husband in The Official Story. The couple is challenged to t ake a decisive action in understanding how the children of other dissidents disappear (Hart 189). They also demand to comprehend why they own Gaby yet her family may have been killed in the forced disappearance perpetrated by the state. Another reason for telling the stories is to uncover the truth and reality that occurred during both civil wars that targeted defenseless victims such as Zaide and David who are caught up during their youth. In the Dirty War, the stealing of children meant that the state in collusion with the military junta had no mercy to protect any group of civilians irrespective of their age. This necessitated ruthless targeting of orphaned kids such as Gaby now struggling to identify their real parents. On that consideration, telling the stories from a woman’s perspective is an attempt to induce both sympathy and empathy in the state of affairs where the government has abandoned her citizens. In El Norte, for example, the story is set in San Pedro, a smal l Guatemalan village where the Xuncax family lives peacefully while picking coffee. The family belongs to the Mayan tribe and is ravaged by the exploitation that involves the government

Effective and Ineffective adds Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Effective and Ineffective adds - Essay Example Secondly, the interest carries the consumer towards the body of the ad. The above ad has an interesting story to go along with it. It has an excellent visual and catches attention at the first glance. The droplet in the ad is the focal point, and it leads to the body copy, presumed to be what the advertiser wants the consumer to read. The logo and the headline, Estee Lauder, are at the bottom, as it puts more focus on the product (Kelley, Sheehan, & Jugenheimer, 2015). Third, the credibility is essential in the creative pyramid. The reader always wants the claims in an ad supported by tangible facts. The claims have to be relevant to the need of the audience. Credibility in the above ad differentiated it from other ads. It communicates information about the product and on where the product sold. Therefore, the ad builds loyalty, brand preference, and value to its consumers (Kelley, Sheehan, & Jugenheimer, 2015). Fourth, the desired step is where the ad puts the audience or the consumer imagines a situation of enjoying its consumption. The desire gives the customer a feeling that once they use the product, they will be happier. The above ad provides a solution to the aging skin due to lack of sleep. Thereby, the clients get a feeling that their aging skin got a solution finally (Kelley, Sheehan, & Jugenheimer, 2015). Lastly, the action comes as the last step in the creative pyramid. It gives the buyer the motivation of doing something. The motivation for using the product above is by the call for action in using it. Use of the above product means that the consumer wakes up with a more beautiful skin each morning. Therefore, the ad gives hope to the consumer through action (Kelley, Sheehan, & Jugenheimer, 2015). The above add is an example of an ineffective ad. The ad creates an awareness but in an inefficient manner. Not every man wears jeans. Therefore, it is limited to those who wear jeans. One may think that the cancer is only for

Discuss the history and evolution, justifications for, and ultimate Essay - 1

Discuss the history and evolution, justifications for, and ultimate impact(s) of Canadian content regulations in Canadian radio and television broadcasting from the industrys inception to the present - Essay Example According to Allen (2009, p. 55), this is particularly based on the belief that ensuring Canadian programs on both the radio and television programs is an important way of maintaining and building the country’s culture and identity as well as promoting Canadians’ creativity. The Canadian content regulator CRTC has gone through a series of structural and functional changes beginning from the introduction of the regulations in the early 1920ss to the modern state instrument for content regulation. â€Å"To ensure that every element of Canadian Broadcasting system contributed towards the presentation of Canadian programming, the CRTC required that every broadcasting undertaking not only include certain Canadian services or content but also give them priority positioning†(Armstrong, 2010, p.109). Since the dawn of broadcasting, the Canadian broadcasting policy has always been to adapt to new technologies while at the same time ensuring that the system includes both private and public broadcasting, promotes Canadian content, reflects Canadian values, makes use of the reactive resources of Canada and is controlled by Canadians. This paper critically discusses the history and evolution, justification as well as the ultimate potential impact of the †˜Canadian Content’ regulations in Canadian radio and television broadcasting from the inception of the industry to the present. The history of the Canadian Content regulations dates back to the 1920s when the need to have a Canadian presence on the radio gradually arose as a way to counter the growing American influence on the radio and protect Canadian culture and identity (Armstrong, 2010). Although Canadian radio began licensing numerous commercial radio stations in 1922, the Federal government was increasingly concerned that many Canadian radio listeners were tuning to American stations while the

Summary of 3 Men in a Boat Essay Example for Free

Summary of 3 Men in a Boat Essay Three Men in a Boat is a deceptively simple story: three friends take a boating holiday on the River Thames. At first sight this does not seem a likely plot for a classic work of comedy, and the fact that it was written in the late Victorian period and was an instant bestseller seems even harder to believe. Nowadays a sense of humour does not immediately spring to mind as a defining characteristic of the Victorians, particular as Queen Victoria herself is famous for the remark, ‘We are not amused!’ Jerome K. Jerome later wrote, ‘I did not intend to write a funny book, at first. I did not know I was a humorist. I never have been sure about it. In the middle ages, I should probably have gone about preaching and got myself burnt or hanged.’ Although the book was a huge success with the reading public, Jerome was lucky that it was not killed off by the reviews. ‘Of course it was damned by the critics,’ Jerome observed. ‘One might have imagined – to read some of them – that the British Empire was in danger. One Church dignitary went about the country denouncing me. Punch was especially indignant, scenting an insidious attempt to introduce â€Å"new humour† into comic literature.’ The humour lies not in the plot, but in the detail. A relaxing holiday on the river, rowing and sailing upstream, seeing the sights, and camping in the boat during overnight stops – what could possibly go wrong? The answer, of course, is just about everything, and it is the antics of the three men with their differering attitudes and approaches to the various problems that make the book so funny. On the periphery, there is also the dog Montmorency, a thoroughly anarchic figure whose practical solution to their difficulties usually consists of getting out of the way until all the fuss dies down. Most of the humour comes from comic set pieces, such as the agony of putting up a tent in adverse weather conditions. In some cases, episodes that still raise a laugh (because they are based on peren nial problems like finding the correct train at a railway station) were actually topical jokes. Waterloo station was considered a confusing mess of platforms that it was almost impossible to find your way around, and the idea of bribing a train driver to take you wherever you want to go appeals as much to the modern railway user as it did to the Victorians. Indeed, the whole book was topical, because a river boating holiday had only become fashionable a decade before, and part of the book’s success was due to the fact that boating on the Thames was the latest craze at the time it was published. The book also broke new ground with its subject matter and with its protagonists. The most popular books of the day were generally adventures with dashing heroes, by authors such as H. Rider Haggard, Rudyard Kipling and Robert Louis Stevenson. A book about three ordinary men and their minor but hilarious adventures on the river was something totally new. Also new was the structure of the book, though whether by accident or design is unclear. The structure is completely unbalanced, since it takes the first quarter of the book to discuss and plan the trip and get them onto the river, while the return journey is wrapped up in just eleven pages. The trip on the river is really just a frame on which to hang the various anecdotes and digressions that contain much of the humour. At intervals, and often sitting uncomfortably within the string of anecdotes and incidents, Jerome provides straight descriptive passages in a guidebook style, noting the places they are passing and their history. Sometimes he overdoes things, with fantasies such as a long description of how King John signed the Magna Carta at Runnymede. He seems to be trying to convey the idle thoughts and flights of fancy inspired by locations of such historical importance, but this does not always work. In general, his shorter descriptions succeed far better in creating the illusion of a real trip on the river. Jerome was very well acquainted with the river, having made many trips on it with friends and even spending his honeymoon there with his new bride, immediately before writing the book. He certainly drew on previous experiences, and the three men he writes about had real counterparts – Jerome himself was the narrator ‘J.’, ‘George’ was based on a George Wingrave, and ‘Harris’ on Carl Hentschel. Only the dog, Montmorency, was entirely imaginary. Perhaps the key to the success of Three Men in a Boat lies in its combination of simplicity and set-piece humorous incidents, most of which have a timeless, universal appeal. The book has been translated into many languages and repeatedly adapted for television. It is probably as popular today as when first published, because much of the language seems so fresh and modern. The book is narrated in the first person by the author, who is refered to as J by his friends. It begins with J, and his friends harris and George, deciding to take a boat trip up the Thames from Kingston to oxford,and then back again (the book was written in 1888, when boating on the Thames was enormously popular). They are unanimous in agreeing that this is a good idea (except for Js dog, Montmorency, who doesnt care for boating). They have trouble getting packed, and in the morning Harris and J take a train to Kingston, where the boat is waiting for them. George is joining them later when he has finished his work at the bank. they row up passt Hampton Court, where Harris describes an incident when he got lost in Hampton Court maze with some friends (this is one of the funniest parts of the book). George joines the party, and they have trouble towing the boat, and later they have even more trouble trying to put the cover over the boat for the night. they all get fed up with each other, but cheer up when they have a good tea. There is a long passage about the signing of Magna Carta (there are several passages like this in the book, where the author gets serious for a bit). They have various other mishaps as they travel up the river, like the time when they are having tinned pineapple for tea, and cant find the tin-opener. They spend a lot of time trying to open it with no success. And there are stories of other trips they made up the river, like the time J was ou tin a aboat with his cousin, and they thought they were going crazy because they couldnt find Wallingford Lock (it turns out the lock had been demolished some years earlier). And ther ere is the time when they are in an inn which has a stuffed trout in a case on the wall, and several different people come in and claim to have been the one who caught it, but when George stands on a chair to look at it, he knocks it down and it breaks it turns out to be plaster of Paris! When they reach Oxford, and start to travel bac, it starts to rain, and they arent enjoying themselves somuch. So they abandon the boat and take the train back to London, where they go to a show and then have a good dinner in a restaurant. They make a toast Heres to three men well out of a boat!

steves tees :: essays research papers

Steve decided to open his own tee- shirt shop, near a local university. He felt it was the perfect time to start his own business, due to the location and the fact that the summer Olympics were being held 55 miles away in Atlanta. Wow! What a great opportunity it was, for him to take initiative to become his own boss, gain exposure, and become profitable. The only problem was that Steve did not take into consideration any concerns with starting a business, which include: geography, a market for this product, competition/ who are the major competitors, uniqueness, etc. This all could have been done through generating information to aid in making marketing decisions. This process includes specifying what information is required, designing the method for collecting information, managing and implementing the collection of data, analyzing the results, and communicating the findings of their implications. In order to reduce the likelihood of failure, marketing research would provide the n ecessary information to reduce uncertainty. It helps to focus on decision making. So, prior to Steve opening the business, he should conducted exploratory research. Steve needed to acknowledge the situation, screen any and all alternatives, and discover new ideas to make his business stand apart from the competition. This research could have been conducted through focus groups, surveys, questionnaires, etc. The purpose of this marketing research is to narrow the scope of the research topic and to refine the problem into researchable form. Therefore, Steve would have been able to answer who, what, when, where, and how questions; identify the channels of distribution; and to target the market for advertising and promotions.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Promotion is one of the four elements of the marketing mix. It increases company sales by communicating product information to potential customers. Unfortunately, the advertising route Steve took did not help to generate sales. Steve should have recognized the four basic parts of any promotional effort, which include personal selling, advertising, publicity, and sales promotion. Steve solely focused on advertising in selected newspapers, but he failed to realize that everyone does not read the newspaper. If he wanted the business to appeal both to the college students and to the people of the town, he should have done several different types of promotions. He could have done direct promotions, where he and an employee would go into the community and pass out flyers to gain better exposure for the business.

Longevity research Essay

Today, a great amount of people have learned to enjoy life once again as a senior in the community. This would speak of those in the 70’s and beyond. Life expectancy for Americans, which was a mere 49 years in 1900, has now increased to around 76 years. This we can say is due to improvements in health care, nutrition, and the overall standard of living. Not only are people living longer, but they are becoming more active in their older age, relative to elderly of the past. More older Americans are able carry out their own â€Å"instrumental activities of daily living† (Hodes 2003) As such, the desire for life has grown and billions have been poured into longevity research, an undertaking meant to discover ways and means to extend life. A vast motivation in science has been well-funded to discover how to keep man alive longer, with its aim toward more and more years. (Douglas 2006) There are concerns however one must view in light of this, namely, will a society with many living over a hundred years be actually as beautiful as it seems to present? The first concern would be the quality of life given that although the body may be kept health, the brain will be aging. Surely, the mind at the age of 110 is not as lucid as that of one at the age of 60. There are many diseases that correlate with the aging brain, but let us use the more common Alzheimer’s disease as an example. This is a devastating condition that has been seen to have a profound impact on individuals, families, the health care system, and society as a whole. Demographic studies suggest that if the current trends maintain themselves, the annual number of incident cases of this disease will begin a sharp increase in the year 2030 thereabouts. (Alzheimer’s association 2009) This will be a time that people born between 1946 and 1964 will all be over 65 years. Studies further show that by the year 2050, the number of Americans with the disease could double. Imagine these implications. It’s true that people live longer, but then what quality of life can one have if he lives 20 years more but has lost memory of his family and friends. This disease accounts for around 50-50% of cases of dementia. With increase longevity, there will be a large increase in the prevalence of the disease as people will be living to be older. It can be such difficulty to the individual to live in a condition where for years he is grasping at memories that he cannot recall. It’s an incredible burden to the family as well, as they will now be responsible for more elderly, living longer lives, incapable of self care, and maybe even incapable of recognizing kin. Imagine a scenario where a parent is 110 years old, their child being 85 and their grandchild at 60, how would it be feasible for the turn of care to pass from parent to child in such a scenario where all are classifiable as aged. A second concern is that apart from the aging mind, there is also the aging body. It is true that the individual will be living long, but then there are multitudes of risks that will accompany this. The wear and tear from all the years will now set in as he will now be more prone to multitudes of disease as years go by. Sicknesses like arthritis of the joints, a heart attack, stokes, cataracts, diabetes and many more will all now be factors that come into play. Even worse, should the person gain a long-playing debilitating condition, one with no cure such as the case of Alzheimer’s previously mentioned, then again what kind of quality of life can he sustain? Let’s take a stroke for example. Currently, a stroke is the third leading cause of death in the United States. Statistics show that over 143,579 people die each year in the United States from this condition. Now in terms of long term disability, stroke is the leading cause as people may live on with their life span after a completed stroke. Furthermore, having a stroke does not mean that a person cannot have another one to further cause disability. Now, it is seen that nearly three-quarters of all strokes occur in people over the age of 65. It is also noted that the risk of having a stroke more than doubles each decade after the age of 55. (Internet Stroke Center 2009) This is not even accounting for those who go through strokes at a young age. Now, given this data, imagine the risk for one who is to live until 120 years old. Imagine if a large bulk of population were to live this long, then the worldwide prevalence of stroke survivors would be high. After a stroke, it is very possible for one to lose control of speech, of movement in half a body, of mobility, and sometimes even requiring full time nursing care. The implications on a person and a family would be immense. Given that strokes occur generally in people over 65, imagine having one at 70 and then living for 40 more years. How would one survive that lone without the capacity to communicate. It’s true that one can live with the heart beating, but the question is in terms of quality of life. Another concern that also affects health will be the incidence of depression. A longer life for one spouse would mean having to live through the death of loved ones. Longevity increases the number of years one would live past the death of a spouse and family. Studies can increase life but imagine a scenario where a parent has to live past his spouse children and grandchildren. Again, the concern regarding quality of life comes in play is emotional makeup is indeed a very important aspect of human life. Rebecca Utz, a sociologist at ISR stated: â€Å"While only about 6 percent of widowed persons had serious financial problems since their spouse died, 63 percent reported less income and 34 percent said their financial strain increased significantly after they were widowed. The negative economic consequences are even more pronounced for women than they are for men, and the declines are lasting, not a temporary drop associated with funeral expenses or estate planning. † (About. com 2009) This itself is proof of how one’s death can affect an individual, not only in terms of health and emotion, but in terms of capability to function as well. Increasing longevity means increasing the chances that people will outlive one, or even more spouses, and have to deal with many deaths for many years. Depression rates will increase as a consequence of spouses living well past their mates, their children and maybe even their grandchildren. A study conducted showed that eighty-four (24%) of 350 widows and widowers met criteria for depressive episodes at 2 months, 72 (23%) of 308 did so at 7 months, and 46 (16%) of 286 did so at 13 months, further supporting this claim that depression and emotional consequences of too much longevity should be of concern. (Zisook, S & Shuchter, S. 1991) A fourth point that should raise concern for biologic implications for longevity revolve around care for the elderly. Today, families turn to nursing homes and assisted living to give the elderly the care and attention they need. The alarming factor now revolves around what actual care they are receiving in these places, as a congressional report made by CBS news correspondent Bill Whitaker previously stated that around 1,600 U. S. nursing homes, nearly one-third of all in total, have been cited for abuse. These reported abuses were of various types, spanning from physical, sexual and verbal. All abuse in all these forms is on the rise. The report further noted that that more than twice as many nursing homes were cited for abuse in 2000 than in 1996. It was further seen that in 1,601 nursing homes , around 1 in 10 abuse citations were made in serious incidents. By serious, it was meant that they either put residents at great risk of harm, injured them or killed them. (CBS news 2001) Imagine how greatly the health of these poor elderly could be affected by increased longevity. Already at this current time with our elderly, society is unable to provide adequate care for them, and resorting to nursing homes and various assisted living environments that have led to elderly abuse. What more an increase can be expected if people were to live into the hundreds. The population would have a drastic increase in the aged, thus increasing the burden on society to care for them. If at this current day and age, society already is unable to manage the abuse problem, then the health implications of longevity are grave in that they will aggravate the abuse by increasing the number of elderly left alone. Investigators have further said that many violations are neither detected nor reported, which leads officials to conclude that the problem is even underestimated. Surely, if society cannot currently manage the elderly and provide a good, healthy and safe environment for them, then there is no way that society can do so after a further increase in the aged that longevity research will bring. My fifth and final concern regarding longevity lies in the fact that it will now place a large amount of population that has needs to be fulfilled but cannot fulfill them on its own. Increasing longevity will increase the number of senior citizens and the number of non-working elderly dependent. The health concerns for this are immense, as the question that can now be raised is regarding who in society will provide for the health of these individuals who cannot earn a living for themselves. CDC research concerns states that the increased number of people with ages over 65 will potentially lead to increased health-care costs. The health-care cost per capita for persons from the age group over 65 years in the United States is three to five times greater than the cost for persons below that age. (CDC 2003) Imagine how this will increase if people were to live 20 years longer. Currently, the number of persons aged >65 years is expected to rise from around 35 million in 2000 to an estimated 71 million in 2030. Longevity will even increase this number. Eventually, as resources will decline, then there will not be enough economic support to support the aged, leading to substandard healthcare and health risks. There may not be enough to provide them with medical needs, particularly because the working population may be outnumbered by the dependent elderly non-working populous. As such, in conjunction with many other previously discussed claims, the promise of longevity, although seemingly tempting, may not exactly be as, wonderful as it seems to be. WORKS CITED About. com:Mental health (2009) ‘Losing a Spouse: What Hurts and What Helps [online] Available from [April 6, 2009] Alzheimers association (2009) ‘What is Alzheimer’s’[online] Available from [April 6, 2009] CBS news (2001) ‘Nursing Home Abuse Increasing’ [online] Available from [April 6, 2009] CDC (2003) ‘Public Health and Aging: Trends in Aging — United States and Worldwide’ MMWR weekly[online] Available from [April 6, 2009] Douglas, J. (2006) ‘New longevity research center launched to study supercentenarians’ Natural News [online] Available from < http://www. naturalnews. com/020701. html> [April 6, 2009] Hodes, R. (2003) ‘Human Longevity and Aging Research’. Special Committee on Aging [online] Available from [April 6, 2009] Internet Stroke Center (2009) ‘Stroke Statistics’ [online] Available from [April 6, 2009] Zisook, S & Shuchter, S. (1991) ‘Depression through the first year after the death of a spouse ’ Am J Psychiatry [online] Available from [April 6, 2009]

Rhetoric in Into the Wild Essay

Appeals to Logos *Strategy 1: describing McCandless’s intelligence. Ex. 1: In the third chapter of the novel, where Krakauer describes McCandless’s relationship with Wayne Westerberg, he discusses Chris McCandless’s family and education in brief. Specifically, Krakauer mentions, â€Å"In May 1990, Chris graduated from Emory University in Atlanta, †¦ and had distinguished himself as a history and anthropology major with a 3.72 grade-point average† (Krakauer 20). This presents a side of Chris that appeals to people’s logos and makes them think. The main question that pops into mind is, â€Å"how could such a smart kid make such a dumb mistake?† This intrigue keeps the reader immersed in the book, and therefore continues to hold their attention. Ex. 2: Later on in the novel, around the middle of chapter eleven, Krakauer describes McCandless in more depth. He talks about his social life, what he was like as a young boy, and what he was like when he grew. There is another good example of Krakauer using McCandless’s intelligence to appeal to logos, and that is when he quotes one of Chris’s high school running teammates, Eric Hathaway. Hathaway remembers, â€Å"Chris brought home good grades. He didn’t get into trouble, he was a high achiever, he did what he was supposed to do† (Krakauer 114). Again, Krakauer sets up a good image of how smart Chris was. Readers also learn that he was diligent and hardworking, and they can understand how it would tie into Chris’s persistence in the Alaskan wild. *Strategy 2: talks about when McCandless did illogical things, to interest readers. Ex. 1: In the beginning of the novel, when Krakauer talks about McCandless’s journey into the Mojave Desert, he mentions that Chris did something really ridiculous. Krakauer recounts his actions in this way: â€Å"in a gesture that would have done both Tolstoy and Thoreau proud, he arranged all his paper currency†¦ and put a match to it. One hundred twenty-three dollars in legal tender was promptly reduced to ash and smoke† (Krakauer 29). Krakauer describes Chris’s donation of his college fund to charity a couple of pages later in the book. Yet, when one reaches that page, they have to wonder why Chris didn’t just keep his money with him, so he could donate it later, or at least buy some supplies. This leads to more curiosity about McCandless’s common sense, which in turn entices the readers further onward. Ex. 2: Near the end of the book, when Krakauer returns to the subject of McCandless’s journey into the Alaskan wild, he talks about the meager amount of food McCandless carried, and alludes to Chris’s ignorance. He says about McCandless, â€Å"he’d subsisted for more than a month beside the Gulf of California on five pounds of rice and a bounty of fish caught with a cheap rod and reel,†¦ made him confident he could harvest enough food for an extended stay in the Alaskan wilderness too† (Krakauer 162). Any person who reads this automatically questions Chris’s common sense, because they wonder how he could possibly think California is anything like Alaska. Not only that, but the fact that Chris purposely neglected to pack good supplies makes people find him arrogant, and, in young people’s slang, â€Å"a douche-bag.† Appeals to Ethos *Strategy 1: Describing the moral values of Chris McCandless Ex. 1: In the middle of the book, in chapter eleven, Krakauer includes responses from people who knew Chris in college and high school. One of his female running teammates, Kris Maxie Gillmer, recounts how determined McCandless always was about righting social injustices. Proof of this is found in his senior year of high school. Krakauer confirms, â€Å"McCandless took life’s inequities to heart. During his senior year at Woodson, he became obsessed with racial oppression in South Africa† (Krakauer 113). Krakauer may have included only this event and a few others like it throughout the novel, but it leaves no doubt in the reader’s mind that McCandless hated injustice. This â€Å"wows† the reader, making them see just how high Chris’s morals were. One could call it a subtle attempt by Krakauer to eke out sympathy for McCandless from the readers. Ex. 2: In the fourth chapter of the novel, â€Å"Detrital Wash,† Krakauer describes Chris on his two month journey in the Western part of the great United States. He also mentions how McCandless’s parents, worried sick, hired a private detective. The investigator began an extensive search, and finally found information in December, â€Å"when he learned from an inspection of tax records that Chris had given away his college fund to OXFAM† (Krakauer 31). The fact that Chris donated his college fund to charity also casts him in a good, moral light. However, the ironic thing is that OXFAM is an organization dedicated to feeding starving people, and that Chris McCandless died of starvation. Either way, this appeal to ethos also makes people view Chris in a better light, perhaps to make them feel like he was a great person. *Strategy 2: Describing the moral flaws of Chris McCandless Ex. 1: Krakauer says in the author’s note at the beginning of the novel that he will leave it to the readers to form their own opinions about McCandless, so it only seems natural that he would include negative points about the boy’s morals as well. Although he had a rigorous moral code, he made the strangest exceptions. Krakauer says, â€Å"he was also able to forgive, or overlook, the shortcomings of his literary heroes: Jack London was a notorious drunk; Tolstoy†¦ went on to father at least thirteen children, some of whom were conceived at the same time the censorious count was thundering in print against the evils of sex† (Krakauer 122). When readers see this little note, they see how strange Chris’s moral code was. He wouldn’t excuse his father for living a lie, and yet, he praised and adored hypocritical men who did even worse things than his father. This appeals to people’ s ethics because it makes them think about their own morals, not just Chris’s. Ex. 2: Krakauer discusses McCandless’s relationship with his family several times during the book. According to the family and the people who knew McCandless, he was mainly only ever close with his younger sister, Carine. Carine remembers this about her brother, â€Å"He was always really nice to me, and extremely protective. He’d hold my hand when we walked down the street. When he was in junior high and I was still in grade school†¦ he’d hang out at his friend Brian Paskowitz’s house so we could walk home together† (Krakauer 110). This may be just a simple phrase, but it drastically appeals to a reader’s ethic views as well. One cannot help but wonder why Chris, who apparently loved his younger sister and protected her, could possibly leave without saying a word to her. He got angry about his father’s lies, but he somehow doesn’t think what he’s doing is the same. It is as if he trusts other people more than his fa mily and the sister he loves. Appeals to Pathos *Strategy 1: Arousing admiration of McCandless Ex. 1: If one reads the novel Into the Wild by Jon Krakauer, it is almost impossible to miss the biased way Krakauer writes about the exploits of Chris McCandless. He makes Chris sound like this really great guy with a thirst for adventure, which draws readers in. an example of this is Krakauer’s comparison between himself and McCandless in the chapter titled, â€Å"The Stikine Ice Cap.† Krakauer writes, â€Å"I couldn’t resist stealing up to the edge of doom and peering over the brink. The hint of what was concealed in those shadows terrified me, but I caught sight of something in the glimpse, some forbidden and elemental riddle that was no less compelling than†¦ In my case—and, I believe, in the case of Chris McCandless—that was a very different thing from wanting to die† (Krakauer 156). This description makes the readers picture a great visionary in the eyes of society, someone who was wi lling to take risks and was unbound by earthly desires. It makes them admire McCandless’s bravery as well, which is, of course, evoking emotion. Ex. 2: Krakauer focuses on many admirable things McCandless does, but one important one, helping the homeless and destitute, really stands out. Krakauer comments, â€Å"McCandless would wander the seedier quarters of Washington, chatting with prostitutes and homeless people, buying them meals, earnestly suggesting ways they might improve their lives† (Krakauer 113). This really tugs at people’s hearts, making them look up to Chris. Many see these examples of kindness and wish they could be more like McCandless. In all effect, this puts Chris at a higher standard with other people. *Strategy 2: Focusing on how depressed everybody was when they learned Chris was dead.Ex. 1: Of course, the main example of this would be when Carine McCandless learns that her beloved brother, Chris, was found dead. According to Krakauer’s information on her reaction, â€Å"Carine’s eyes blurred, and she felt the onset of tunnel vision. Involuntarily, she started shaking her head back and forth, back and forth†¦ Then she began to scream†¦ Carine curled up on the couch in a fetal position, wailing without pause†¦ She remained hysterical for the next five hours† (Krakauer 130). This really makes readers angry at Chris McCandless. They think he was a jerk for leaving his family, and they further fume about how he could have saved everyone so much pain if only he’d been prepared and not so arrogant about being able to survive. Ex. 2: Another extremely depressing example of appealing to pathos is when Krakauer describes the reaction of Ronald Franz, a man who grew extremely close to and fond of Chris when he helped him out in California. Franz was devastated when he heard the news of Chris’s death. He says, â€Å"I asked God to keep his finger on the shoulder of that one†¦ But he let Alex die†¦ I renounced the Lord. I couldn’t believe in a God who would let something that terrible happen†¦ I bought a bottle of whiskey†¦ wasn’t used to drinking, so it made me sick. Hoped it’d kill me, but it didn’t† (Krakauer 60). Again, this makes readers extremely sad. In a way, it actually shocks them too. It takes something very powerful to make a man renounce his faith, and readers can only begin to try and grasp what Franz was feeling.